Charles e



(No Model.)

' C. E. MCGHIE.

HYDROGARBON VAPORIZEB. AND BURNER.

Patented Dec. 2, 1890.

" IINiTnD j STATES Algnrniwr OFFICE.

CHARLES E. MCGIIIE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES lV.

KIMBALL, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDROCARBON VAPORIZER AND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 442,078, dated December 2, 1890.

Application filed October l0, 1889. Serial No. 326,597. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. MCGHIE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon Vaporizers and Burners, ot' which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, that will enable others to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ot this specification.

This invention relates more especially to that class of devices used in introducing and burning liquid fuel-such as crude oil or any other substance capable of being readily converted into an in tlam mable vapor-andhas for its object, generally, to provide a simple device of this character that is easily regulated and controlled and wherein the best possible results are obtained, bot-h as to an economical consumption of fuel and the amount of heat generated proportionately by producing perfeet combustion.

The retort orburner illustrated is more particularly intended to be used in connection with heating and cooking stoves; but it is obvious that it may be adapted to be used for the various purposes to which this class of inventions are usually applied.

Figure l is a Vertical central section ot' my improved burner, taken in plane l, Fig. 2, looking in the direction indicated by the arrow; and Fig. 2, a horizontal section showing a plan of the base.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a retort orvaporizing-chaniber in which the liquid fuel is converted into vapor; B, a chambered base; C, a spreader, and D't-he oil-sup ply pipe. The circular retort is of a fiat ellipticalshapein cross-section, and is provided with the annular hollow diaphragm E, arrangedinside thereof, leaving a space between the two, as shown. The generator-distributing diaphragm is of a concavo-convex form, with a dischargeopening a for the escape of the vapor clear around the downwardly-extending edge a. The oil fed iuto the retort will drop onto the depressed or concave surface a2 of the diaphragm and be converted into vapor. The depression in the lower shell of the diaphragm will ordinarily prevent the escape of any of the oil should the supply be at times in excess of the amount required. The upper end of the tube F is insertedin the under side and center of the retort, and the lower end inserted in the center of the crossbar G of the base-piece and opening into the Vapor-chamber a3 in the base. The vapor generated in the retort is conducted through the tube F into the chamber r1.3, where it reaches the burners h h h2, inserted in the base and opening into said chamber.

The burners are provided on the interior with the gradually sloping or contracting sides CZ, which prevent clogging and provides for a free uninterrupted How of the gas.

lVhere three burners are used they are disposed in the inannerillustrated in Fig. 2; but a greater or less number may be used in ac cordance with the capacity of the device proper and the proportion and intensity ot the heat required.

A bell-shaped spreader C is placed between the retort and the base-plate, and is arranged in an inverted position, as shown. The lower contracted end of this spreader rests upon the crossloan G, while the upper iiaring end is provided with a number of pointsg to hold the retort out of actual contact with the spreader and provide-the annular air-space g between the two.

The Volume of air necessary to promote combustion is supplied through the opening` 7L in the base and passes up on each side ot the cross-bar G into the interior of the spreader and conimingles with the flame around and just outside of the flaring mouth. The edge of the base is provided with the annular recess 7i', in which is placed a small quantity of cotton or asbestus wicking or waste h2, to be saturated with oil and first lighted to heat the retort and start the process of generating vapor. The Haine from the series of burners strikes the flaring exte rior sides of the spreader, and by the time they have reached the upper edge are spread over the entire surface into a thin sheet, and the volume of air issuing from the mouth of the spreader is thoroughly commingled with the same and has the effect of producing an IOC intense flame without smoke and affording the best 'possible results from the fuel Vexpended. The volume of airY passing' up through the spreader, together' with the flaring mout-h, also has the effect of preventing the under side of the retort from being` overheated. The delivery end of the oil-supply pipe is inserted in the top of the retort, the opposite end connecting` with the source of supply'.

`I do not confine myself to the precise construction and arrangement shown, but may make such alterations and changes as practical working will require without departingfrom the spirit of my invention. A

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a hydrocarbon vaporizer and burner, the combination, with the retort, of a hollow distributinp;-diaphragm concavoconvex in form and having a doWuwardly-projecting edge provided with an annular opening for the escape of the oil or vapor, said diaphragm arranged inside of said retortand out of contact with the inclosingsides thereof, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a hydrocarbon vaporizer and burner, the combination of the circular retort, the distributing-diaphragm arrangedon the interior thereof, the chambered base provided with air-openings to permit air toy pass up through the spreader, the tube connecting said retort and base, the burners inserted in said base and disposed as described, and the inverted-bellshaped spreader, the lower contracted end of which rests upon said base and the upper 'fiaring end inclosing the lower part of the retort and leaving an annular space between the two, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A device for vaporizingand bizirningliqF uid fuel, comprising a retort havingan opening through which the oil is fed, a hollow distributing-diaphragm supported inside of and 

